Risk Assessment

The coronary artery calcium score enhances clinical risk stratification for patients at risk for atherosclerotic coronary disease.

Murmurs are described by their timing in the cardiac cycle, intensity, shape, pitch, location, radiation and response to dynamic maneuvers.

De Musset Sign occurs in severe aortic valve regurgitation and is described as bobbing of the head with each heartbeat (like a bird walking).

The CHA₂DS₂-VASc Score is the most commonly utilized method to predict thromboembolic risk in atrial fibrillation.