The most common cause of mitral valve stenosis is rheumatic valvular disease. Other less common causes include severe mitral annular calcification, cor triatriatum, congenital subvalvular ring, left atrial myxoma, prosthetic mitral valve dysfunction, inflammatory disorders (Lupus or rheumatoid arthritis) or a large mitral valve vegetation. Pulmonic vein stenosis has similar hemodynamics to mitral stenosis and can occur after atrial fibrillation ablation (although less common now with newer techniques).