William V. Padula, OD, SFNAP, FAAO, FNORA

Visual evoked potentials testing has been used for more than 75 years to look for conditions that interfere with afferent nerve transmission — the one-way communication of visual information from each retina to the brain.

Lyme disease is the most recognized term for tick-borne illness, but the tiny bacterial spirochete that causes Lyme, Borrelia burgdorferi, is but one of many possible co-infections carried by ticks.