Mark D. Miller, MD

Often patients who present with a “dislocated knee” actually have a patellar dislocation. Their cruciate and collateral ligaments examination is stable, but they often have patellar and/or medial epicondyle tenderness, an effusion and patellar apprehension. An injury to the medial patellofemoral ligament is usually present. In addition to history and physical exam findings, radiographs may demonstrate loose bodies, medial patellofemoral ligament avulsion fractures and/or patellar articular surface incongruity.